Niger's junta repeals controversial migration law, adding to political tensions

In a move that deepens political strains between Niger and EU nations, the ruling junta in Niger has officially annulled a contentious 2015 law designed to curb migrant smuggling.

The law, enacted in collaboration with the European Union, was intended to impede the flow of undocumented migrants through a crucial migration route from West Africa to the Sahara, often used by those seeking to reach Europe via Libya and the Mediterranean.

General Abdourahmane Tchiani, the leader of Niger’s junta, signed the decree on November 25, rescinding the law and declaring the cancellation of convictions resulting from its enforcement. The Ministry of Justice is now considering the release of individuals previously convicted under the repealed legislation.

Niger’s Agadez region, serving as a gateway for both those aspiring to reach Europe and those returning with UN assistance, has witnessed the exploitation of its strategic position by human traffickers. The 2015 law, which permitted the prosecution of smugglers with penalties of up to five years in prison, aimed to address the estimated 4000 undocumented migrants passing through the region each week.

While the law succeeded in transforming Niger into a key migration hub, facilitating the return of thousands, the UN human rights office pointed out that it inadvertently led migrants to adopt more perilous routes, escalating the risk of human rights violations. The recent decision to revoke the law follows the July 26 coup that ousted President Mohamed Bazoum, contributing to the escalating tensions between Niger and Western nations.

In response to the coup, Western and European countries imposed severe sanctions on Niger. Paradoxically, rather than dissuading the junta leaders, these sanctions have exacerbated economic challenges for the Nigerien population, further complicating the already delicate political landscape.