African researchers lead the way in advancing HIV prevention technologies

Africa’s role in advancing HIV prevention has taken center stage at the 5th HIV Research for Prevention Conference (HIVR4P 2024) in Lima, Peru. With groundbreaking research, such as the PURPOSE 2 study exploring lenacapavir, African researchers are making significant contributions to the global HIV prevention landscape. Participants from South Africa and Uganda are part of this pivotal study, which examines the use of lenacapavir, a twice-yearly injectable for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Results from the PURPOSE 1 study have already shown remarkable outcomes, with a 100% reduction in HIV acquisition among cisgender women in Africa who received the biannual injection. The ongoing PURPOSE 2 trial further demonstrates a 96% reduction in HIV acquisition across trial participants, showcasing the transformative potential of this new approach.

“These findings confirm that lenacapavir for PrEP has the potential to transform the global HIV prevention landscape for people of all genders,” said Beatriz Grinsztejn, President of the International AIDS Society (IAS), who is also part of the PURPOSE 2 study team.

In addition to lenacapavir, African women are at the forefront of another innovative advancement—the three-month dapivirine vaginal ring, a longer-lasting version of the world’s first woman-controlled HIV prevention product. Already approved in 11 African countries, the new three-month version offers greater convenience and cost efficiency, with potential to increase adherence among women. “The three-month ring is a two-thirds reduction in the number of rings needed per year, lowering the cost and improving access,” explained Jeremy Nuttall from the Population Council.

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Studies like CATALYST, conducted in five African countries, also highlight the growing preference for such long-acting methods. Many women chose the dapivirine ring over oral PrEP, emphasizing the need to offer diverse HIV prevention options.

With lenacapavir for PrEP expected to be submitted for global regulatory review by the end of 2024, Gilead Sciences has already signed licensing agreements to ensure access to affordable versions in low-income countries.

The future of HIV prevention in Africa looks brighter than ever with these advancements, potentially reducing the burden of HIV and giving women more control over their health.