Agrivoltaics offers solutions for water, food, energy challenges

Combining solar energy with agriculture is proving to be a game-changer for East Africa, boosting agricultural yields, conserving water, and generating clean electricity.

A recent study by scientists from the University of Sheffield, in collaboration with CIFOR-ICRAF, Sustainable Agriculture Tanzania, Latia Agribusiness Solutions, and the University of Arizona, highlights the transformative potential of agrivoltaic systems in Tanzania and Kenya. These systems, which integrate solar panels with crop farming, demonstrate remarkable benefits for both grid-connected agribusinesses and off-grid rural communities.

The research revealed that crops like maize, Swiss chard, and beans thrived under the partial shade provided by solar panels. Notably, Swiss chard yields were significantly higher in the agrivoltaic system compared to a control plot. Researchers attributed this improvement to the panels creating a cooler microclimate, protecting crops from heat and UV damage, and reducing irrigation needs.

“This multifunctional approach shows the potential of agrivoltaics to boost food production and clean electricity generation while reducing the need for irrigation,” said Dr. Richard Randle-Boggis, the study’s lead author. He emphasized the importance of tailoring these systems to specific regions, particularly in arid climates.

In a region where water scarcity and unpredictable rainfall threaten food security, the study found that agrivoltaics used less water while producing more food. This efficiency addresses critical issues of food, water, and energy insecurity, making it a sustainable solution for East African communities.

Professor Sue Hartley, a senior author from the University of Sheffield, expressed optimism about the future: “Imagine farms powered by clean energy and crops more resilient to climate change. Agrivoltaics can make this vision a reality by offering a sustainable solution to the pressing challenges of food insecurity, water scarcity, and energy poverty.”